放射利用中的风险和安全:评估当前研究的证据
Philip A Arnone1, Lauren M Richards2, Kalan C Stittleburg3
1The Balanced Body Center, Matthews, North Carolina, USA.
Radiology research and practice
|December 8, 2025
概括
本综述探讨了放射成像辐射暴露与癌症风险之间的联系. 它巩固了证据,以帮助医生权衡X射线的益处与潜在风险.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 辐射瘤学 辐射瘤学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 放射性成像在19世纪被发现,它允许进行非侵入性的内部可视化.
- 关于辐射暴露的突变效应的担忧在20世纪中叶出现.
- 关于放射性成像辐射是否会增加癌症和遗传疾病风险的辩论仍在继续.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合目前关于放射成像辐射暴露的健康风险的证据.
- 帮助医生做出有关X射线手术风险效益分析的明智决策.
- 为了解医学成像中的辐射效应提供一个综合资源.
主要方法:
- 审查调查辐射暴露和健康结果的流行病学研究.
- 对医学成像相关的X射线物理原理的分析.
- 检查关于辐射生物效应的基础科学研究.
- 讨论辐射风险模型,包括线性无值 (LNT) 模型和辐射霍梅西斯.
- 解释辐射安全中的尽可能低的可合理实现 (ALARA) 原则.
主要成果:
- 关于诊断辐射与癌症风险之间的关系的证据综合.
- 讨论量化辐射引起的健康风险的不确定性和复杂性.
- 突出临床实践中风险效益评估的重要性.
- 审查已建立的辐射保护原则和模型.
结论:
- 医生需要全面的证据来平衡X射线的诊断益处与潜在的辐射风险.
- 需要进一步的研究和明确的指导方针来解决正在进行的关于辐射引起的健康影响的辩论.
- 医疗成像中的知情决策依赖于了解辐射物理,生物效应和流行病学数据.
相关概念视频
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
1.0K
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
1.0K
X-ray Imaging
9.7K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
9.7K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
454
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
454
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
382
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
382
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
387
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
387
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI
763
Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
763


