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吉潘特斯:针对CGRP途径缓解偏头痛
Bernadetta Jakubowska1, Magdalena Sowa-Kućma2,3
1Student's Science Club of Physiology "NEURON", Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|December 8, 2025
概括
素基因相关 (CGRP) 受体对手,称为gepants,提供有效的急性和预防性偏头痛治疗. 这些新型疗法为患者提供了有利的安全性和疗效,扩大了传统药物之外的选择.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 素基因相关 (CGRP) 受体对抗剂 (gepants) 是急性和预防性偏头痛管理的新兴疗法.
- 新的药物如阿托盖潘特,乌布罗盖潘特,里梅盖潘特和扎维盖潘特扩大了治疗选择的范围,超越了三药和单克隆抗体.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估经批准的治疗偏头痛的药理学,临床疗效,安全性和治疗定位.
- 总结目前关于在偏头痛治疗和预防中使用 gepant 的证据.
主要方法:
- 从1998年到2025年9月,在主要数据库 (PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,Cochrane图书馆,ClinicalTrials.gov) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括对的药理学,疗效和安全性进行同行评审的临床研究;不包括病例报告,摘要和非英语文章.
主要成果:
- 批准了四种基:用于预防的atogepant;用于急性治疗的ubrogepant和zavegepant;用于两者的rimegepant.
- 吉班特表现出有利的药理动力学,迅速开始,以及方便的剂量 (口服/鼻内).
- 临床试验显示,与安慰剂相比,每月偏头痛日数显著减少 (预防) 和高2小时无疼痛率 (急性治疗),具有一般良性的安全性.
结论:
- 吉潘特是偏头痛治疗的重大进步,提供有效和耐受良好的急性和预防性选择.
- 对于患有三药物禁忌或心血管风险因素的患者来说,它们特别有价值.
- 进一步的研究将阐明长期的安全性和现实世界的有效性.
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