在血液透析患者中细菌血流感染的模式
Qurat Ul Ain1, Muhammad N Hashmi1, Alaa Al Sayed1
1Hemodialysis Care Project, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia & King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Journal of infection in developing countries
|December 8, 2025
概括
血液感染 (BSI) 在血液透析患者中很常见,其中有一半的病例是由格拉姆阴性病原体引起的. 这项研究强调了沙特阿拉伯格拉姆阴性BSI的严重发病率,需要有针对性的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 血流感染 (BSI) 在血液透析患者的发病率和死亡率显著增加.
- 识别导致BSI的病原体和风险因素对于患者管理至关重要.
- 血液透析患者通常有免疫系统受损,使他们容易感染感染.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定血液透析患者中BSI的发生率.
- 确定该群体中导致BSI的主要病原体.
- 在沙特阿拉伯的血液透析患者中调查与BSI相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 从沙特阿拉伯的五个血液透析中心获得的阳性血液培养数据的回顾性分析.
- 数据收集时间从2019年1月到2023年12月.
- 分析包括患者人口统计,血管接入类型和已识别的病原体.
主要成果:
- 在432名患者中,共记录了437次细菌病发作.
- BSI率为0.67每100个患者月;中央静脉导管 (CVC) 是最常见的接入方式 (85.8%).
- 格拉姆阴性生物 (51.81%) 是中线BSI的主要原因,常见的病原体包括Enterobacter cloacae,Klebsiella pneumoniae和Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 格拉姆阳性生物占44%.
结论:
- 血液透析患者面临BSI的高风险,其中格拉姆阴性病原体是主要的贡献者.
- 在沙特阿拉伯,与格拉姆阴性病原体相关的BSI的发病率显著.
- 实施有针对性的措施来减少格拉姆阴性BSI在血液透析设置中至关重要.
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