2017-2023年,带带驾驶员在正面碰撞中的死亡人数CISS CISS
1ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA.
Traffic injury prevention
|December 8, 2025
概括
在正面碰撞中驾驶员死亡事故与老年驾驶员和车辆有关. 目前的NHTSA碰撞测试可能不够严重,无法改善车辆安全结构并减少死亡人数.
科学领域:
- 道路安全研究 道路安全研究
- 防撞工程的可靠性工程.
- 交通伤害预防 交通伤害预防
背景情况:
- 分析从2017年到2023年在正面撞车中死亡的带腰带驾驶员.
- 评估国家公路交通安全管理局 (NHTSA) 90公里/小时斜偏移动可变形屏障 (OMDB) 碰撞测试的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 评估NHTSA90公里/小时斜式OMDB碰撞测试在减少驾驶员死亡事故中的实用性.
- 了解致命的正面碰撞导致的因素,涉及带带驾驶员.
主要方法:
- 使用NHTSA碰撞调查采样系统 (CISS) 数据库,查找车主死于正面碰撞的事故 (≥48公里/小时delta-V).
- 详细的案例摘要包括车辆信息,碰撞动态,驾驶员人口统计数据,约束性能和受伤数据.
- 分析了碰撞严重程度,车辆年龄,驾驶员特征 (年龄,肥胖,酒精/毒品使用) 和扣留系统性能.
主要成果:
- 16起死亡事故涉及带腰带驾驶员;安全带使用率为30.8%.
- 车辆的平均年龄为12.2年,其中68.8%的车辆年龄超过10年. 平均三角形-V是72.2公里/小时与显著的正面粉碎.
- 常见的撞击类型包括与杆子/树木的撞击以及小型重叠撞击. 司机年龄较大,经常肥胖,经常独自驾驶. 严重的胸部伤害 (MAIS 4-6) 很普遍,肩带和方向盘被确定为常见的伤害来源.
结论:
- 死亡往往涉及老年,肥胖的司机在老车辆,经历严重的正面冲击.
- 紧系统允许过度外出,导致由于方向盘相互作用而造成严重的胸部伤害.
- 目前90公里/小时斜式OMDB测试的能量和压力水平不足;建议进行更高速度或替代雪测试,以推动有意义的设计变化,以减少驾驶员死亡事故.
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