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Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
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Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
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儿童在灾难中的应对:发展,挑战和未来方向

Tara Powell1, Flora Cohen2, Maegan Ramchal3

  • 1University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Social Work, 1010 West Nevada, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. tlpowell@illinois.edu.

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概括

孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子

关键词:
儿童和青少年心理健康 儿童和青少年心理健康应对情况 应对情况文化 文化 文化 文化 文化灾难是一种灾难.

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科学领域:

  • 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
  • 灾难心理健康 灾难心理健康
  • 应对机制 应对机制

背景情况:

  • 儿童对灾害的反应是复杂的,受到灾害类型和社会人口因素的影响.
  • 近几十年来,关于儿童应对灾难的研究显著扩大.
  • 现有的文献强调了灾后青年适应性和不适应性应对策略.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地审查和综合有关儿童在灾害环境中的应对策略的已发表文献.
  • 检查灾难类型,文化因素和社会人口统计学变量对儿童应对情况的影响.
  • 评估用于评估儿童在灾难后应对行为的方法.

主要方法:

  • 关于儿童应对灾害环境的已发表研究的综合文献搜索.
  • 分析专注于灾害类型,文化和社会人口统计学影响的研究.
  • 评估方法的审查用于测量受灾儿童的应对能力.

主要成果:

  • 儿童的灾难经历和应对机制是高度可变的,受到灾难特点和背景的影响.
  • 确定的主要局限性包括对儿童应对缺乏定义共识,少数标准化灾害具体措施,以及有限的文化适应工具.
  • 研究强调了需要改进对不同文化环境中的多样性应对过程的概念化和测量.

结论:

  • 提高对儿童应对灾难的理解需要解决目前定义和评估工具的差距.
  • 未来的研究应该优先考虑更清晰的概念框架,文化敏感的措施和纵向的多系统方法.
  • 加强对面临灾难频率和严重程度不断增加的儿童的支持系统,需要改进研究方法.