可能是性侵犯:探讨响应格式和措辞选择对性受害承认的影响
RaeAnn E Anderson1, Danielle M Piggott1, Hannah N Doctor1
1Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota.
Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy
|December 8, 2025
概括
许多性侵犯的幸存者不会使用"强奸"一词. 使用规模化的反应和像"性侵犯"这样的替代标签可以提高对这些经历的认可和评估.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 大多数经历强奸的个人不会将其标记为这样的,他们选择了不那么污名化的术语,比如"错误沟通"或"性侵犯".
- 这种"缺乏承认"与反复受害和不一致的心理健康结果的风险增加有关.
- 现有的研究往往依赖于简单的,二分法度量,未能捕捉整个生命周期的认可的细微性质.
研究的目的:
- 调查如何响应格式 (二分式与缩放式) 影响性侵犯的承认.
- 探索使用替代术语,特别是"性侵犯"而不是"强奸",对确认率的影响.
- 通过检查这些方法的变化,优化性侵犯经历的测量和评估.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及439名参与者的研究,他们完成了嵌入更大调查中的三项确认项目.
- 项目包括强奸确认与二分法 (是/否) 和缩放的响应格式.
- 此外,还进行了一项具有二分化的响应格式的性侵犯确认项目.
主要成果:
- 与二分法格式 (14.3%) 相比,使用缩放响应格式 (20.7%) 承认强奸的参与者比例明显高.
- 当使用"性侵犯"和"强奸"的术语时,参与者承认性侵犯的可能性是1.4到2.5倍.
- 观察到性别差异,男性承认强奸或性侵犯的可能性比女性低2.8至6.6倍.
结论:
- 采用规模化响应格式可以提高对性侵犯经历的认可.
- 使用替代标签,例如"性侵犯",可能会改善与"强奸"术语相比的报告和评估.
- 这些方法调整提供了一个更准确的描述个人的性暴力经历.
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