速度摄像头可以使街道更安全吗? 来自纽约市的准实验证据
Aaron Stagoff-Belfort1, Jonathan Ben-Menachem2, Brenden Beck3
1Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.
概括
自动化速度摄像头显著减少车辆碰撞和受伤. 这项研究发现,实施这些摄像头导致道路安全事故大幅减少.
科学领域:
- 交通安全研究 交通安全研究
- 城市规划是城市规划.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 车辆碰撞在美国每年造成大量死亡和经济损失.
- 越来越多地采用自动化交通执法 (速度摄像头) 来提高道路安全.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏关于高速摄像头有效性的因果证据.
研究的目的:
- 估计自动化速度强制执行对道路安全的因果影响.
- 量化速度摄像机对车辆碰撞和伤害的影响.
- 为交通安全政策提供基于证据的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用差异设计来分析速度摄像机的影响.
- 在纽约市 (2014-2023) 逐步实施2000个速度摄像头.
- 结合了超过70万次碰撞,20万名受伤者和1800万张发票的数据.
主要成果:
- 速度摄像头被发现可以平均每月减少5%的碰撞.
- 摄像机实施后,每月受伤率平均下降了2.5%.
- 在七个月的时间里,碰撞事故累计下降了30%,受伤人数下降了16%.
结论:
- 自动化速度强制执行是提高道路安全的有效工具.
- 速度摄像头显然可以减少车辆碰撞和受伤的发生率.
- 调查结果支持更广泛地采用自动化交通执法来缓解道路创伤.
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