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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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嗅球内置作为哺乳动物嗅觉的代理

Quentin Martinez¹, Cécile Molinier², Ilse K Barraza-Soltero¹

¹Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart DE-70191, Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|December 8, 2025

概括

哺乳动物的相对嗅觉球体体积 (relatOB) 与嗅觉受体基因 (OR) 的数量相关. 这一发现允许利用化石头骨对已灭绝物种的嗅觉能力进行估计,有助于研究感官进化.

科学领域:

古生物学的古生物学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

嗅觉对于四足动物的生存和繁殖至关重要.
相对的嗅觉研究经常使用解剖学代理,如嗅觉球泡内分泌物,特别是对于已经灭绝的物种.
嗅球大小和基因计数之间的相关性尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

研究哺乳动物的嗅球内射体积和化学受体基因数量之间的关系.
为了确定嗅球的大小是否可以预测灭绝的哺乳动物的嗅觉能力.

主要方法:

分析了来自所有哺乳动物的脑内分泌物.
相关的绝对 (absOB) 和相对 (relatOB) 嗅球体积与完整的化学受体基因数量.
缺少基因组数据的种群和灭绝的哺乳动物的嗅觉受体 (OR) 基因数量估计.

主要成果:

绝对嗅球体积 (absOB) 和基因组代理之间没有发现显著的相关性.
相对嗅觉球体体积 (relatOB) 和完整的化学受体基因 (CombChemo) 的总数之间存在显著的正相关性,主要由OR基因驱动.
成功估计了研究不足和灭绝的哺乳动物群体的OR数量.

结论:

相对的嗅觉球体体积 (relatOB) 作为推断哺乳动物嗅觉能力的可靠代理.
这种方法为研究已灭绝的哺乳动物的感官进化和古生态学提供了新的途径.
这些发现将解剖学和基因组数据联系起来,以重建古代生命的感觉能力.

关键词:

大脑内分泌物脑内分泌物化学传感器是一种化学传感器.基因组学就是基因组学.嗅觉受体基因嗅觉受体基因古生物学的古生物学.

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