实施虚拟焦点小组作为质量研究中的有效策略,与缺乏支持的社区进行接触:虚拟焦点小组的协议
Axel Ramos-Lucca1,2, Jorge Luis Motta-Pagán2,3, Karla Vélez-Mojica4
1School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, 388 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, 00716, Puerto Rico, 787-840-2575 ext 5591.
JMIR research protocols
|December 8, 2025
概括
虚拟焦点小组提高了难以接触的人群的参与率,达到86%,而面对面的会议为55%. 这种方法通过克服后勤障碍来支持定性健康研究.
科学领域:
- 定性研究方法 定性研究方法
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 定性研究,特别是焦点小组,提供了对人类经验和社会背景的洞察力.
- 传统的焦点小组由于地理和时间安排的限制而面临限制.
- 虚拟焦点小组提供了更高的可访问性,但在管理在线动态和确保隐私方面存在挑战.
研究的目的:
- 描述为难以接触的人群实施适应的虚拟焦点小组协议的实施.
- 识别在虚拟焦点小组实施过程中遇到的障碍.
- 为了比较虚拟和面对面的重点小组之间的参与率.
主要方法:
- 适应和实施了一个虚拟的焦点小组协议,用于支持不足的人群 (社会脆弱性指数≥0.45).
- 使用的策略包括联合促进者,参与的研究助理和安全措施 (名称模糊,密码保护,同一天的链接共享).
- 在波多黎各南部 (2020-2021) 进行了一项探索性定性研究,以评估社区健康需求.
主要成果:
- 在虚拟焦点小组中实现了86%的参与率 (63/73),远高于面对面小组的55% (40/73) 率.
- 收集了高质量的定性数据,证明了虚拟方法的有效性.
- 为通常被排除在传统焦点组之外的群体确定了额外的好处.
结论:
- 适应的虚拟焦点小组协议有效地克服了难以接触的人群的障碍.
- 这种方法提高了参与度,并支持了对健康差异的定性研究.
- 虚拟焦点小组为数据收集提供了一种灵活和包容性的方法,特别是在公共卫生紧急情况或地理上分散的个体.
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