加强农村医疗保健:对护士招聘和保留策略的全面审查
Kelley Arredondo1,2,3,4, Laura Witte5, Alexander Paterson-Roberts6
1Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX.
Medical care
|December 8, 2025
概括
招聘和留住农村护士对于获得医疗保健至关重要. 大多数计划都侧重于教育,但要有效招聘和留住农村护士,需要采用多方面的方法,包括财政激励和政策支持.
科学领域:
- 护理劳动力研究 护理劳动力研究
- 农村健康差异 农村健康差异
- 医疗保健政策 医疗保健政策
背景情况:
- 农村地区注册护士 (RN) 的有限存在 (16%) 加剧了农村人口的医疗保健获取问题,其中包括超过270万退伍军人.
- 在缺乏服务的农村社区,护士对于初级保健,慢性疾病管理和护理协调至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述美国农村护士 (执照职业护士/执照实践护士和RN) 的招聘和保留计划.
- 分析这些农村护理计划的战略,重点和协作水平.
主要方法:
- 对已发表的文献和灰色文献进行了范围审查.
- 包括针对美国农村护士招聘和保留策略的研究.
- 提取的数据包括计划特征,战略类型,重点 (招聘/保留) 和协作.
主要成果:
- 确定了102个项目 (60来自文学,42来自灰色文学).
- 教育 (85个项目) 和个人/专业支持 (54个项目) 是最常见的策略.
- 只有22个项目采用了多方面的方法,总共有180个策略.
结论:
- 大多数农村护士计划都严重依赖教育,很少有人采用多方策略.
- 建议增加农村护士的财政激励和教育之外的支持.
- 显著需要政策层面的支持和监管策略,以加强农村护士的招聘和保留.
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