丁酸可以预防化疗引起的胃肠道毒性和微生物失生症
Stanley M Cheatham1, Zayd Rehman1, Mahshid Arastonejad1
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 E. Clay St, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
Scientific reports
|December 8, 2025
概括
口服丁酸盐补充剂可以通过改善肠道屏障功能和恢复肠道微生物群来减轻化疗引起的胃肠道毒性. 这提供了一个潜在的治疗策略,用于管理癌症治疗的副作用,如色素.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 化疗,特别是伊利诺特干,导致显著的胃肠道 (GI) 毒性,影响癌症治疗的疗效.
- 胃肠道上皮屏障的破坏导致粘膜炎和腹,代表了主要的剂量限制并发症.
- 微生物代谢物酸盐,一种短链脂肪酸 (SCFA),在维持上皮屏障完整性方面表现有前途.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠模型中研究口服丁酸盐在减轻易诺托坎诱导的胃肠道毒性方面的治疗潜力.
- 评估丁酸盐对消化道屏障功能,运动性和便微生物群的影响.
主要方法:
- 给小鼠治疗了 irinotcan,并测量了对体重,便中的水含量和胃肠道运动性的影响.
- 电生理学记录评估了神经中神经元功能.
- 便样本分析了β-葡萄糖酶活性,微生物组合 (β多样性) 和特定的细菌群体.
主要成果:
- 氨酸诱导了剂量依赖的胃肠道毒性,包括体重减轻,便水量增加和胃肠道运动性增强.
- 口服丁酸盐改善了上皮的透性,降低了β-葡萄糖酶的活性,并部分恢复了肠道微生物群的β多样性.
- 丁酸盐治疗抵消了因氨基酸诱导的素降解和硫化产生细菌的增加.
结论:
- 口服丁酸盐在小鼠中显示出对氨酸诱导的胃肠道毒性有保护作用.
- 丁酸盐改善了表皮屏障功能,并调节了肠道微生物群,为管理化疗相关的胃肠道副作用提供了潜在的策略.
- 这些发现支持进一步研究丁酸盐作为癌症患者的辅助疗法,这些癌症患者经历了因 irinotekan 引起的胃肠道疾病.
相关概念视频
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS
680
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
680
01:18Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents
404
Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
404
01:20Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents
551
Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Adsorbents...
551
01:17Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS
599
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
599
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
461
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
461
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
431
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
431