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自免疫性炎症性类风湿性疾病爆发的新兴和未被认可的病毒触发因素

Ivonne Melano¹, M Elaine Husni², Nicolas S Piuzzi³

¹Department of Infection Biology, Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Nature reviews. Rheumatology

|December 8, 2025

概括

病毒感染可以引发自身免疫性类风湿性疾病 (AIRD) 的爆发. 本综述探讨了复杂的机制,包括荷尔蒙影响和病毒持久性,并讨论了管理病毒引起的AIRD恶化新疗法策略.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
类风湿病学类风湿病学
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

自身免疫性类风湿性疾病 (AIRDs) 显著影响患者的生活质量.
病毒感染越来越多地被认为是AIRD症状恶化和疾病爆发的触发因素.
在AIRD中病毒自身免疫反应的精确机制尚未完全理解,特别是在荷尔蒙影响和病毒持久性方面.

研究的目的:

解决病毒引起的AIRD爆发期间免疫交叉通话的知识差距.
强调新兴病毒在引发AIRD爆发中的作用.
探索免疫失调,炎症,分子模拟和病毒在病毒引起的AIRD恶化中的病毒持续性的机制.

主要方法:

本综述综合了关于病毒感染和AIRD之间的相互作用的当前研究.
它的重点是新出现的病毒及其对AIRD病理学的潜在影响.
研究了免疫失调,慢性炎症,分子模仿和病毒持久性等机制.

主要成果:

越来越多的证据将后病毒感染与自身免疫活性升高和AIRD爆发联系在一起.
荷尔蒙因素,特别是与AIRD在女性中更为普遍的相关因素,可能会影响免疫调节和疾病严重程度.
病毒持久性越来越多地与AIRD病理学有关.

结论:

了解病毒-AIRD相互作用的机制对于管理患者至关重要.
新兴病毒对引发AIRD爆发构成重大威胁.
对这些机制的进一步研究可以指导开发新的治疗策略,以缓解病毒引起的AIRD恶化并改善临床管理.

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