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相关概念视频

Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

200
Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
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The Placebo Effect01:54

The Placebo Effect

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The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Blinding01:11

Blinding

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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Compensation Mechanisms01:28

Compensation Mechanisms

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The human body employs intricate mechanisms to counteract changes in blood pH, preventing conditions like acidosis (pH < 7.35) and alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These compensatory responses aim to restore normal arterial blood pH by engaging respiratory or renal systems, depending on the source of the imbalance.
Respiratory Compensation
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

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反事实救济是一种反事实救济.

Aidan Feeney1, Sara Lorimer2, Agnieszka Graham3

  • 1School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK. a.feeney@qub.ac.uk.

Memory & cognition
|December 8, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

人们可以经历虚假的缓解,一种情绪的缓解,即使没有先前的焦虑期. 这种纯粹的反事实缓解的强度与焦虑停止后体验的缓解相当.

关键词:
反事实的情绪与事实相反.反事实性思维是一种反事实性思维.决策方式 决策方式救援救援救援救援救援救援时间认知时间认知.

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Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
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科学领域:

  • 心理学 心理学 心理学
  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

  • 理论解释区分时间缓解 (厌恶情节的结束) 和反事实缓解 (避免厌恶结果).
  • 原型的缓解往往包括避免负面结果和结束对它的焦虑.
  • 这表明缓解可能总是需要一个时间的前体,如焦虑停止.

研究的目的:

  • 调查是否在没有先前焦虑期的情况下发生反事实救济.
  • 为了比较纯粹的反事实救济的强度与焦虑停止后的救济.

主要方法:

  • 第1项研究 (N=238):参与者描述了当被提示时纯粹的反事实救济的情况.
  • 研究2 (N=38) 和研究3 (N=98):对纯粹反事实与时间前体的病例进行了缓解归因的评估.

主要成果:

  • 参与者很容易描述纯粹的反事实救济场景.
  • 缓解的归因是可比的,无论前体是纯粹的反事实还是涉及焦虑停止.
  • 纯粹的反事实救济的强度与焦虑停止之前的救济相似.

结论:

  • 纯粹的反事实救济是日常生活中公认的经验.
  • 缓解的强度是相似的,不管它是紧随着焦虑的停止,还是仅仅涉及避免负面结果.