移动危机有效性:系统审查和相关的功能和形式框架
Robert L Peters1, Jeremy Fine2, Helen Newton2
1Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive 1101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7411, Chapel Hill, 27599-7411, NC, USA. rlpeters432@gmail.com.
移动危机单位 (MCU) 对心理健康危机的有效性显示了暂时的支持,但需要更多的研究. 这一审查创建了一个框架来比较MCU的功能和形式.
科学领域:
- 心理健康服务研究 心理健康服务研究
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
- 医疗保健系统分析 医疗保健系统分析
背景情况:
- 美国对心理健康危机服务的需求增加和住院精神病医院病床数量的减少,增加了对移动危机单位 (MCU) 的依赖.
- 尽管使用广泛,但自1995年最后一次审查以来,MCU的有效性尚未得到一致的确定.
- 需要了解全国运营的众多MCU的当前有效性和功能一致性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查自2000年以来出版的关于美国移动危机单位 (MCU) 有效性的文献.
- 开发一个理论框架来理解MCU的功能和形式,以指导未来的研究.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed,PsycINFO和Scopus进行了系统的文献审查,包括2000年至2025年6月美国的文章.
- 在选134篇文章后,包括了9项中等到高质量的研究.
- 功能和形式框架被用来分析MCU元素并构建一个理论框架.
主要成果:
- 关于MCU有效性的证据是混合的:一项研究显示负效,一项显示效率很低,四项支持有效性.
- 确定的主要功能包括医院转移,司法系统转移和以社区为基础的以患者为中心的护理.
- 审查发现缺乏全面数据,需要标准化报告.
结论:
- 目前的证据为移动危机单位 (MCU) 的有效性提供了初步支持.
- 现有的文献是有限的,防止关于MCU有效性的坚定或概括的结论.
- 开发了一个初步的理论框架,以提高MCU服务的可比性,并为未来的研究建议提供信息.
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