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方法问题:使用热成像无人机来评估密度估计技术的假设
David M Delaney1, Tyler M Harms2, Stephen J Dinsmore1
1Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
概括
热成像无人机调查显示,使用距离采样估计白尾鹿 (Odocoileus virginianus) 密度的假设经常被违反. 诸如植被覆盖,鹿的行为和避开道路等因素会影响检测的准确性.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态学野生动物生态学
- 生态调查方法 生态调查方法
- 动物种群估计动物种群估计
背景情况:
- 生态密度估计依赖于准确的调查方法.
- 距离采样是估计动物种群的常用技术.
- 在现实场景中,距离采样的假设可能会被违反,导致偏见的估计.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用夜间聚光灯调查,评估远距离采样白尾鹿 (Odocoileus virginianus) 的关键假设的有效性.
- 评估可用性偏差,床上鹿的可检测性和避免道路对密度估计的影响.
- 为了证明热成像无人机调查在完善野生动物调查方法的实用性.
主要方法:
- 在美国爱荷华州对白尾鹿进行了夜间聚光灯调查.
- 利用热成像无人机调查来评估人口分布和可检测性.
- 测试了距离采样的三个核心假设:可用性偏差,卧床与站立鹿的检测概率,以及避免道路.
主要成果:
- 随着春季绿化,可用性偏差,或在无法采样的森林区域中鹿的比例,显著增加.
- 床上鹿的比例,这是不太容易检测的,根据一年中的每一天和夜间的时间而异.
- 观察到道路回避的证据,影响了基于道路的距离采样数据的分析.
结论:
- 与距离采样假设的偏差,包括可用性偏差和可检测性差异,需要在采样设计和分析中进行调整,以准确地估计白尾鹿的密度.
- 了解和建模诸如植被覆盖面,鹿的行为和避开息地等因素对于提高野生动物密度估计的准确性至关重要.
- 热成像无人机调查为评估假设有效性和在各种动物系统中增强密度估计技术提供了宝贵的工具.
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