抵抗训练引起的神经肌肉系统的适应:生理机制和对人类表现的影响
Edoardo Lecce1, Paolo Amoruso1, Francesco Felici1
1Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.
The Journal of physiology
|December 9, 2025
概括
抵抗训练通过神经肌肉适应来优化人类的表现. 了解训练参数和生理反应之间的具体联系是最大限度地提高力量和耐力增长的关键.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 神经肌肉适应的过程
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 阻力训练诱导生理适应,以提高运动控制和性能.
- 这些适应包括神经可塑性和神经肌肉系统内的分子信号传递.
- 目前对抗力训练中刺激-反应特异性的理解仍然分散.
研究的目的:
- 统一理论模型和关于抵抗训练适应的实证发现.
- 发现理解刺激-反应特异性的差距.
- 为未来的研究和实际应用提出一个整合性框架.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的理论模型和经验发现.
- 对适应的分子和功能机制的分析.
- 对训练参数和神经机械结果的数据的综合.
主要成果:
- 最初的强度增长涉及脊柱上,脊柱和运动神经元的修改.
- 慢性训练导致肌内信号传递,肌纤维缩,以及改善代谢功能.
- 不同的训练参数选择性地压力神经和肌肉系统.
结论:
- 提出了一个框架,以指导关于抵抗训练特异性的研究.
- 提供了优化强度,功率和耐力训练方案的建议.
- 该审查详细介绍了通过训练适应的生理变化.
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