在长期护理机构中老年人参与改善生活的活动:一种混合方法观察研究
Amarjot S Gill1, Sharon Hewner1, Jihnhee Yu2
1School of Nursing, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Journal of advanced nursing
|December 9, 2025
概括
年龄较大的成年人.
科学领域:
- 老年学和长期护理研究研究
- 为老年人提供基于活动的干预措施.
- 在老龄化中的心理社会福祉
背景情况:
- 长期护理机构中的老年人经常经历了对有意义的活动参与度的减少.
- 生活改善活动旨在改善居民的生活质量和社会联系.
- 了解参与因素对于优化老年医院护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年人在长期护理环境中的生活改善活动的经验和参与水平.
- 确定影响参与这些活动的关键因素.
- 通过活动规划,为提高居民福祉的策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 采用了融合混合方法设计,结合了定量和定性数据.
- 进行了对20个活动会的自然主义观察,涉及111名老年人.
- 使用Kruskal-Wallis和Mann-WhitneyU测试分析了定量数据,而来自字段笔记的定性数据则进行了反射主题分析.
主要成果:
- 在16种不同的生活改善活动中观察到参与程度的显著差异.
- 社会互动的频率根据居民的流动性状态 (轮椅,步行者,独立) 不同.
- 出现了四个主要主题:参与障碍,活动背景,促进者支持和社会/情感福祉.
结论:
- 结构性 (房间设计,活动复杂性,音乐),关系性 (促进者支持,冲突解决) 和个人 (流动性) 因素显著影响参与.
- 当居民有选择并获得适应性设备时,改善生活的活动最有益.
- 研究结果支持创建没有分心的空间,结合个性化的音乐和适应的练习,并在适应性指导和支持中培训辅导员.
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