使用YOLOv8深度学习模型对周围牙X射线进行分类
Archana Y Chaudhari1, Prajwal Birwadkar1, Sagar Joshi1
1Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India.
MethodsX
|December 9, 2025
概括
这项研究使用增强超分辨率GAN (ESRGAN) 增强牙科X射线,并使用YOLOv8.8检测六种牙科疾病. 该管道提高了图像清晰度,并有助于自动化牙科评估,尽管一些条件仍然具有挑战性.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在牙科中的应用
- 医学图像分析 医学图像分析
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
背景情况:
- 牙科放射图对于诊断至关重要,但往往会受到噪音,低分辨率和差异的影响.
- 这些图像质量问题显著影响牙异常检测和诊断的准确性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一条两阶段的管道,用于增强牙科放射图和检测多种牙科疾病.
- 将增强超分辨率生成对抗网络 (ESRGAN) 用于图像增强与YOLOv8用于对象检测和牙异常的分类相结合.
主要方法:
- 使用ESRGAN与自适应式双感知损失来改善牙科放射图像的图像细节和分辨率.
- 开发了一个定制的YOLOv8模型,训练它检测和分类六种牙科疾病:,皇冠,根管治疗 (RCT),修复,正常和严重腐烂的牙.
- 使用峰值信号噪声比率 (PSNR) 和结构相似度指数 (SSIM) 评估ESRGAN增强图像,并使用平均精度 (mAP) 评估YOLOv8模型.
主要成果:
- 通过ESRGAN增强,PSNR达到28.7dB,SSIM达到0.91,显示出高视觉保真度.
- 在100张测试图像上,YOLOv8模型实现了56.9%的整体mAP@0.5和41.6%的mAP@0.5:0.95.
- 皇冠检测获得了高灵敏度 (0.942) 和特异性 (0.919),而虫和严重腐烂的牙检测显示出较低的灵敏度.
结论:
- 拟议的ESRGAN和YOLOv8管道显示了改善牙科放射图质量的临床潜力,并支持自动牙科评估.
- 增强显著改善了微妙细节的可视化,有助于诊断.
- 建议进一步研究专注于特定类别的增强和可解释性工具,以提高临床实用性,特别是对于像虫和严重腐烂的牙等具有挑战性的类别.
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