使用机器学习和自然语言处理精确和可扩展的分类结肠镜新生病
Brendan Broderick1, Jason Greenwood2, Douglas Mahoney3
1Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Clinical and translational gastroenterology
|December 9, 2025
概括
一个机器学习模型从电子健康记录中准确地分类结直肠瘤,改善结直肠镜质量监测. 这种自然语言处理系统增强了腺瘤和状病变的检测.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学医学信息学
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
- 胃肠道学和瘤学
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 是美国癌症死亡的主要原因.
- 结肠镜是预防CRC的主要查方法.
- 从内镜和病理学来准确识别结直肠瘤对于质量评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估随机森林机器学习模型用于分类结直肠瘤的可行性.
- 开发一种自然语言处理 (NLP) 系统来对电子健康记录中的发现进行分类.
主要方法:
- 在一个大型学术机构进行了一项回顾性队列研究.
- 开发了一个基于规则的算法,以从内镜和病理学数据中对瘤进行分类.
- 一个随机的森林NLP系统被训练在非结构化的病理发现和验证在一个独立的集.
主要成果:
- 该模型接受了35953份病理学报告和95188份结肠镜报告的训练.
- 在一个独立的验证集上,NLP系统实现了高精度.
- 曲线下的面积 (AUC) 值为腺瘤的0.997,状的0.99和晚期病变的0.99.
结论:
- 一个基于森林的随机NLP系统准确且可解释地对结肠镜检查结果进行分类.
- 与机器学习相结合的NLP为结肠镜质量监测提供了一个可扩展的策略.
- 这种方法可以提高瘤检测的准确性和患者的治疗结果.
更多相关视频
03:43Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists
Published on: July 11, 2025
579
04:09Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: October 10, 2018
8.6K
相关概念视频
01:26Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy
353
This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
353
01:17Classification of Illness
8.5K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
8.5K
01:25Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy
568
The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
568