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欧洲581个地区的可避免死亡率的空间差异,2002-2019年

Sophie Stroisch1,2, Michael Mühlichen3, Pavel Grigoriev3

  • 1Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. s.stroisch@rug.nl.

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欧洲的健康差异仍然存在,可避免的死亡率 (通过医疗保健或公共卫生预防的死亡) 根据地区有很大差异. 持续存在的热点和冷点凸显了需要基于地方的跨国战略来减少这些不平等.

关键词:
可以避免的死亡率.跨境活动 跨境活动欧洲联盟 欧洲联盟热点分析的分析.地区不平等 地区不平等

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科学领域:

  • 公共卫生 公共卫生
  • 流行病学 流行病学
  • 空间分析 空间分析

背景情况:

  • 尽管努力减少健康差异,但在欧洲国家之间和欧洲国家内部仍然存在大量的死亡率差异.
  • 可避免的死亡率,定义为通过及时医疗护理或有效的公共卫生措施可以预防的死亡,是健康不平等的关键指标.

研究的目的:

  • 检查10个欧洲国家地区地区级可避免死亡率的空间差异和趋势.
  • 确定可避免死亡率的时空集群,并分析它们随时间的持续性.

主要方法:

  • 从2002年到2019年,对581个地区的死亡原因官方统计数据的分析.
  • 计算可避免死亡率的年龄标准化死亡率 (SDR).
  • 应用新兴热点分析来识别时空集群.

主要成果:

  • 在大多数地区,男女可避免死亡率的SDR下降,但男性和女性之间以及可接受和可预防死亡率之间的显著差异仍然存在.
  • 中欧和东欧地区的SDR总是高于西欧和南欧地区的SDR.
  • 时空热点分析揭示了持续的高死亡率 (热点) 和低死亡率 (冷点) 集群,表明国家内部的不平等以及跨境死亡率模式.

结论:

  • 国家边界并不总是理解健康结果最相关的;当地社会经济和结构决定因素至关重要.
  • 持久热点表明需要有针对性的干预的区域,而冷点可以提供对最佳实践的见解.
  • 减少欧洲的健康不平等需要有针对性的,以地方为基础的跨国战略.