在地球系统模型模拟中,已解决的热带气旋触发了CO2的吸收和浮游植物的繁荣
David M Nielsen1,2, Fatemeh Chegini2, Nuno Serra2
1Climate Variability Department, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg 20146, Germany.
概括
高分辨率的地球系统模型现在可以现实地模拟热带气旋 (TC) 及其对海洋碳循环的影响. 这些模型显示,TCs显著改变了二氧化碳流动,并触发了植物浮游生物的繁荣,改善了气候变化预测.
科学领域:
- 地球系统科学 地球系统科学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 大气科学 大气科学
背景情况:
- 海洋碳循环受到大气风暴的影响,特别是热带气旋 (TCs).
- 当前的地球系统模型 (ESM) 缺乏空间分辨率来准确地表示TC及其影响.
- 已知TC驱动了重要的空海二氧化碳流和植物浮游生物的繁荣.
研究的目的:
- 开发和使用一个千米级的合ESM来切实模拟TCs.
- 为了研究海洋中TCs触发的物理-生物地化学机制.
- 了解TCs对海洋碳循环和浮游植物动态的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用千米尺度 (5公里海洋,5公里大气) 结合全球ESM与海洋生物地质化学.
- 以足够精细的分辨率模拟TC,以捕捉其动态和影响.
- 分析了由此导致的空海二氧化碳流量的变化,海洋温度和浮游植物的繁荣.
主要成果:
- 模拟的TC增强了二氧化碳流量的20-40倍,并使海洋表面冷却了2-3°C.
- 换气管逆转了CO2流动方向,从排气到吸收.
- 北大西洋西部的TC引发了大量的秋季植物浮游生物繁殖,这是粗模型错过的现象.
- TCs导致了地下海洋变暖,抵消了表面冷却对有机物重矿化的影响.
结论:
- 千米尺度ESM准确地复制了TCs驱动的以前未解决的海洋碳循环变化.
- 微小的大气-海洋生物地质化学相互作用对于理解海洋碳循环至关重要.
- 这种建模方法为未来研究公里级事件的全球和气候作用提供了基础.
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