在深度自由潜水后用于减压疾病的水中再压缩:一个案例系列
Nicole Lin1,2, Elaine Yu3, Anna Lussier3
1Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine, California, USA.
Diving and hyperbaric medicine
|December 9, 2025
概括
由于偏远的位置,经历了减压疾病 (DCI) 的自由潜水者有时会使用水中再压缩 (IWR). 这个案例系列突出显示了IWR.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 潜水医学是一门潜水医学.
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 事报告表明,自由潜水者使用水中再压缩 (IWR) 具有神经症状,可能是由于减压疾病 (DCI).
- 在偏远的潜水地点,获得高压氧气治疗 (HBOT) 往往是有限的,导致IWR的自我治疗.
- 现有的IWR指南主要针对潜水员,可能不适合自由潜水场景.
研究的目的:
- 研究DCI的迹象,症状,管理和结果在竞争性自由潜水者中.
- 了解水中再压缩 (IWR) 作为自由潜水中DCI治疗的作用和有效性.
- 确定潜在的风险,并为自由潜水中IWR指导方针的制定提供信息.
主要方法:
- 针对13起DCI案件,对6名竞争性自由潜水者进行了详细的采访.
- 收集医疗记录进行评估和治疗,与参与者的同意.
- 分析报告的迹象,症状,管理策略 (包括IWR和HBOT) 和结果.
主要成果:
- 在13例病例中,有3例表明减压疾病,6例动脉气栓塞,4例含糊不清.
- 六例用IWR (5-25米深度,20-90分钟) 治疗的病例显示部分或完全的症状消失.
- 四名IWR治疗病例后来接受了HBOT;一名潜水员经历了永久性残疾. 潜水员在事件发生后采用了新的饮食方案.
结论:
- 在水中再压缩 (IWR) 经常被自由潜水者用作DCI的主要或临时治疗方法,特别是在偏远地区.
- 该队列中报告的IWR使用发生在可能超过当前建议的深度和持续时间,这表明存在重大风险.
- 需要为自由潜水者制定特定的,医疗指导的IWR协议,以确保DCI的更安全的治疗.
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