警务作为健康的结构性决定因素
Emma Rock1,2, Leo Beletsky1,3,4, Brandon Del Pozo5,6
11The Action Lab at the Center for Health Policy and Law, School of Law, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Annual review of public health
|December 9, 2025
概括
警务在美国显著影响健康,造成伤害,死亡和慢性压力,特别是在有色人种社区. 需要更多的研究来了解这些健康影响,并探索警察反应的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 警务越来越被认为是公共卫生的重要决定因素.
- 它的影响超越了公共安全,影响了身体,精神和社区的福祉.
- 现有的结构性不平等被警务实践加剧了.
研究的目的:
- 综合最近 (2015-2025) 关于警察和卫生之间的关系的证据.
- 确定与警务相关的身体,精神和社区层面的健康结果.
- 探索将警务与健康结果联系起来的途径和机制.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审和灰色文献的快速证据评估.
- 对2015年至2025年间发表的研究进行了审查.
- 专注于确定直接和附带的健康影响.
主要成果:
- 警方使用武力导致每年受伤和死亡,不成比例地影响着有色人种社区.
- 警务有助于慢性压力,创伤和经济压力.
- 警务的附带后果加剧了现有的结构性不平等.
结论:
- 警务对人口健康有深远,多方面的影响.
- 证据缺口和方法上的局限性阻碍了因果推理.
- 未来的研究和政策应该将公共卫生重点纳入公共安全战略,并探索传统警察的替代方案.
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