威胁预测和主动反应:防御悲观主义策略对飞行员安全行为的影响
1School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China.
Acta psychologica
|December 9, 2025
概括
防御性的悲观主义,一种认知策略,通过影响态度,对飞行员的安全行为产生积极影响. 然而,强有力的安全文化可以缓解这种影响,为航空安全管理提供洞察力.
科学领域:
- 航空心理学 航空心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 组织行为 组织行为
背景情况:
- 人类错误对航空事故有很大影响.
- 个体心理因素极大地影响飞行员的安全行为.
- 了解认知策略是提高航空安全的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查防御悲观主义对飞行员安全行为的影响.
- 探索安全态度的调解作用和安全文化的调节作用.
- 通过航空的认知战略镜头扩展计划行为理论 (TPB).
主要方法:
- 使用308名中国商业航空公司飞行员的数据,测试了一种调节调解模型.
- 这项研究研究了防御性悲观主义,安全态度,安全文化和安全行为之间的关系.
- 使用统计分析来验证拟议的模型.
主要成果:
- 防御性的悲观主义直接和积极地影响着飞行员的安全行为.
- 安全态度部分调解了防御悲观主义和安全行为之间的关系.
- 安全文化对防御悲观主义对安全态度和后续行为的影响有负面缓和作用.
结论:
- 防御性悲观主义是高风险航空环境中有效的认知策略.
- 这些发现通过结合认知策略和组织因素来扩展TPB.
- 洞察力可以为飞行员选择,心理健康支持和航空安全风险管理工具提供信息.
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