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新合成的基双子表面活性剂对酵母细胞的结构依赖作用

E Mazurkiewicz¹, E Obłak², M Paściak³

¹Department of Physico-Chemistry of Microorganisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland.

Scientific reports

|December 9, 2025

概括

阴离子双子表面活性剂破坏Saccharomyces cerevisiae细胞膜,增加离子泄漏,改变脂肪酸和固醇含量. 较短的基链 (12-碳) 比较长的链 (14-碳) 有更大的活性.

科学领域:

生物化学生物化学
细胞生物学细胞生物学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

阴离子双子表面活性剂是一种具有潜在生物应用的分子类.
了解它们与微生物细胞的相互作用对于各种科学和工业领域至关重要.
糖菌 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 作为研究细胞机制的模型生物.

研究的目的:

阐明Saccharomyces cerevisiae中特定的化双子表面活性剂的作用机制.
研究表面活性剂的化学结构,特别是基链长度对其生物活性的影响.
评估这些表面活性剂对酵母细胞膜完整性,新陈代谢和形态学的影响.

主要方法:

用各种阴离子双子表面活性剂 (2xCnBrG3, 2xCnMeCO3G3, 2xCnHClG3) 用不同的链长度 (n=12,14) 对Saccharomyces cerevisiae细胞进行处理.
测量离子 (K+) 泄漏,以评估膜损伤.
细胞内脂肪酸和固醇含量的分析 (埃尔戈斯特,齐莫斯特,拉诺斯特).
对血和线粒体H+-ATPase活性进行检测.
评估氨的吸收和氧气消耗.
微观观察酵母细胞形态.

主要成果:

阴离子双子表面活性剂增加了K+离子泄漏,表明膜破坏.
脂肪酸和固醇的细胞内水平升高,2xC14BrG3和2xC14HClG3.3的显著增加.
观察到抑制H+-ATPase活性和减少氨的摄取.
表面活性剂诱导氧化应激,完全抑制氧气吸收,并导致酵母细胞的形态变化.
具有12碳基链的化合物表现出比具有14碳链的化合物更强的效果.

结论:

基双子表面活性剂的化学结构显著影响它们在Saccharomyces cerevisiae中的活性.
较短的基链 (12-碳) 会导致较低度的膜结合增加和更高的生物活性.
这些表面活性剂对酵母细胞具有广泛的影响,包括膜透,代谢抑制,氧化应激诱导和形态变化.

关键词:

双子四等盐的四等盐.在H+-ATPase的基础上.离子泄漏是因为离子泄漏.脂质脂质脂质是一种氧化应激是一种氧化应激.

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