dystocia:

Karin Heinonen1, Terhi Saisto1, Mika Gissler2,3,4

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

概括

与肩膀缩相关的臂损伤 (SD BPI) 风险因素包括高出生体重,孕产妇糖尿病和真空提取. 这些因素可以帮助预测SD BPI,尽管有些病例没有这些因素.

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