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释放自然历史收藏,以改善电子DNA参考数据库和生物多样性监测

Sarah Schmid^1,2, Nicolas Straube³, Camille Albouy^1,2

¹Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution group in between the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.

|December 10, 2025

概括

自然历史收藏可以通过提供来自博物馆标本的关键遗传数据来增强环境DNA (eDNA) 监测. 博物馆学,将-omics应用到这些标本上,改善了eDNA参考数据库和生物多样性评估.

科学领域:

生态学和进化生物学
基因组学和生物信息学

背景情况:

人类活动正在导致生物多样性的重大变化,需要先进的监测技术.
环境DNA (eDNA) 元编码是生物多样性评估的强大,非侵入性工具,但其有效性取决于完整的DNA参考数据库.
现有的eDNA数据库往往缺乏全面的物种覆盖,限制了监测的准确性.

研究的目的:

探索自然历史收藏标本的价值,以改善eDNA参考数据库.
突出博物馆学在推进eDNA应用和生物多样性监测方面的潜力.
展示如何将博物馆藏品与eDNA和museomics集成,可以增强全球生物多样性理解.

主要方法:

讨论了museomics (博物馆标本上的omics技术) 的应用,以生成遗传数据.
强调使用来自自然历史收藏的标本来填补eDNA参考数据库中的空白.
审查了从退化的DNA样本中提取遗传物质的方法进步.

主要成果:

博物馆学可以显著增加eDNA参考数据库中的物种覆盖范围.
博物馆标本为从罕见或历史收集的样本中获取遗传数据提供了宝贵的资源.
博物馆学为处理低质量,退化的DNA提供可转移的方法,这对于eDNA应用至关重要.

结论:

自然历史收藏是提高eDNA生物多样性监测准确度和范围的重要资源.
博物馆学与eDNA方法的整合有望彻底改变我们对生物多样性的理解.
对自然历史收藏的持续支持对于未来的生态研究和保护工作至关重要.

关键词:

鱼类鱼类鱼类鱼类的鱼类鱼类.历史性的DNA DNA 超级编码元标段编码.博物馆学博物馆学博物馆学博物馆标本博物馆标本

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