在一个大型儿童精神病学样本中,精神疾病的模式 (N = 65,363):一个梦想研究
Malindi van der Mheen1,2, Josjan Zijlmans1, Daniël M van der Doelen3
1Amsterdam UMC and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, both Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
JAACAP open
|December 10, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,在接受心理健康护理的儿童中,自闭症和多动症的发病率很高. 伴随性疾病很常见,突出了儿童精神病学改善诊断方案的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 了解儿童精神疾病的患病率和并发病率对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,在不同的人群中,诊断模式不同.
- 梦想联盟提供了一个独特的数据集,用于分析现实世界的临床实践.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大型的儿童和青少年精神病学样本中全面概述精神障碍的患病率和并发症模式.
- 分析2015-2019年间来自荷兰学术联盟 (DREAMS) 的诊断数据.
- 将发现与现有文献进行比较,并为诊断协议的改进提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从医疗记录中检索了精神疾病诊断和统计手册 (DSM) 诊断的数据.
- 分析了65,363名儿童 (0.5-18岁) 在DREAMS中心接受治疗的数据.
- 诊断是在常规临床实践中进行的.
主要成果:
- 71.5%的儿童有已注册的DSM障碍.
- 最常见的初级诊断:自闭症 (34.6%),注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) (24.6%),创伤和与压力相关的疾病 (8.4%).
- 47.2%的人至少有一种并发症诊断,智力障碍最为普遍 (29.5%).
结论:
- 这个样本中自闭症和ADHD的患病率超过了其他研究报告的患病率.
- 诊断和并发症模式在很大程度上与之前的研究一致.
- 现实世界诊断数据对于完善DSM-5应用,理解跨文化差异以及增强诊断和治疗策略至关重要.
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