研究领域标准 (RDoC) 对急性和潜在威胁的构造与儿科焦虑有不同的关联
Stefanie R Russman Block1, Hannah C Becker1,2, Dana E Díaz3
1University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
JAACAP open
|December 10, 2025
概括
急性威胁 (AT) 和潜在威胁 (PT) 是不同的构造,与青少年焦虑有关. 在亚临床年轻人中,AT与当前的危险和大脑活动有关,而PT与未来的危险和焦虑严重程度有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 国家心理健康研究所的研究领域标准 (RDoC) 倡议旨在通过将心理结构与精神病理学联系起来,改善心理健康诊断.
- 急性威胁 (AT) 和潜在威胁 (PT) 是RDoC构造,理论上与焦虑症状相关,但通常被混为一谈.
- 对于AT和PT,特别是年轻人,缺乏有效的自我报告措施.
研究的目的:
- 检查自我报告的AT和PT与焦虑症状严重程度和青少年对威胁的神经反应的明显关联.
- 在被诊断为焦虑障碍的年轻人和患有亚临床或没有焦虑症的年轻人中调查这些关联.
主要方法:
- 参与者:119名年轻人 (7-17岁) 患有焦虑障碍和41名年轻人没有/亚临床焦虑.
- 测量:来自自/家长报告焦虑测量的AT和PT分数,使用专家共识和双因素模型.
- 评估:通过儿科焦虑评分表评估焦虑的严重程度;通过fMRI进行情绪面孔转移注意力任务的神经反应.
主要成果:
- 在整个样本中,AT分数与焦虑严重程度和右后侧岛屿激活与威胁面对面的正相关.
- 青少年的PT得分与焦虑严重程度相关,有亚临床/没有焦虑,但没有与大脑活动相关.
结论:
- 结果支持AT和PT是不同的,临床相关的结构,可以通过年轻人的自我报告来衡量.
- 区分AT和PT可以通过澄清它们对疾病异质性和症状严重性的独特贡献,为青少年提供有针对性的焦虑治疗和预防策略.
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