临床前阿尔茨海默氏症和血管生物标志物改变了认知正常成年人的大脑衰老:基于MRI的研究
Unai Torres1, David Bernal1, Ibai Gurrutxaga1
1Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|December 10, 2025
概括
临床前阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和血管生物标志物显著改变认知正常个体的大脑衰老,影响诸如脑内皮层等区域. 通过生物标志物的分层对准确的大脑年龄研究至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 生物标志物研究 生物标志物研究
背景情况:
- 了解大脑衰老至关重要,因为老年人口的增长及其与神经退行性疾病的联系越来越大.
- 认知障碍通常是大脑衰老研究中的排除标准,可能掩盖早期的病理变化.
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和血管病理学的临床前生物标志物可能会影响认知正常个体的大脑衰老模型.
研究的目的:
- 评估临床前阿尔茨海默病和血管生物标志物对认知正常受试者的脑衰老模型的影响.
- 研究生物标志物状态如何影响年龄和大脑体积之间的关系.
- 为了确定受老化前临床生物标志物影响的特定大脑区域.
主要方法:
- 来自EPAD LCS的1,380名认知正常参与者 (50岁以上) 的基线数据的分析.
- 根据脑脊液生物标志物 (Aβ42,t-tau,p-tau) 和血管病理学 (法泽卡斯尺度,微血).
- 使用Nadaraya-Watson内核回归,与引导和邦费罗尼校正进行统计分析的规范化结构MRI体积的比较.
主要成果:
- 在生物标志物阴性和生物标志物阳性组之间观察到年龄-大脑体积关系的显著差异 (p < 0.01).
- 脑内皮层,杏仁体和基础前脑表现出最明显的偏差,特别是在AD和混合AD/血管组中.
- 性别特定的分析表明男性的效果更强烈,血管病理单独影响了不同的区域,如左侧耳鼻皮层,而无桃体参与.
结论:
- 临床前的AD和血管生物标志物在认知上正常的个体中显著改变大脑衰老轨迹.
- 生物标志物的分层是必要的,以防止在大脑年龄研究中偏见的估计.
- 脑内皮层和杏仁体的体积显示为神经退行早期指标,有望成为针对性干预的早期指标.
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