在模拟的城市和地下操作环境中对培训的心理反应
Bradley Fawver1, Michelle L Ganulin1, Julie C Merrill1
1Walter Reed Army Institute of Research-West, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, USA.
概括
在地下环境中进行军事训练会导致严重的压力,并损害认知功能. 地下任务需要专门的技能和弹性,以便在大规模作战行动中有效执行.
科学领域:
- 军事科学 军事科学
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 未来的大规模作战行动 (LSCOs) 越来越多地涉及地下 (SubT) 环境,需要强大的战斗能力.
- 尽管技术现代化,但服务人员在SubT条件下的表现和心理反应的经验数据有限.
- 了解这些挑战对于有效的任务规划和人员准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估在地面上方与地下环境中的多天培训对化学,放射,生物和核反应 (CBRN) 反应小组的心理和认知影响.
- 确定与压力反应和在不同环境中训练期间的表现相关的因素.
- 评估一个适应的测量SubT运营潜力的实用性.
主要方法:
- 在地面和地下环境中通过多天的培训活动跟踪CBRN响应小组的队列.
- 评估训练前和训练后的心理 (压力,焦虑,情绪调节) 和认知 (反应时间,准确性) 功能.
- 管理了SubT运营潜力的调整措施,将其与个人差异和培训经验相关联.
主要成果:
- 训练引发了显著的压力,自我报告的需求,努力和焦虑与保护装备的敏感性有关.
- 训练后的认知功能下降,SubT环境导致比地面以上的位置更差,更可变的性能.
- 之前的SubT培训经验与更好的情绪调节和应对能力相关;SubT运营潜力测量显示了预测效用.
结论:
- 地下环境在训练和作战期间给军人带来了独特的心理和认知挑战.
- 在LSCO期间在SubT环境中的有效表现需要加强培训,弹性和应对策略.
- 适应的SubT运营潜力测量可以帮助识别适合要求地下任务的人员.
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