通过血流限制训练提高表现的生理机制:神经肌肉,血管和代谢适应:神经肌肉,血管和代谢适应
Colin Lavigne1, Valentin Mons1, Clément Lemineur1
1Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
The Journal of physiology
|December 10, 2025
概括
血液流量限制 (BFR) 间隔训练显著提高运动表现,减少神经肌肉疲劳. 这通过改善血管功能和肌肉平衡来实现,而不仅仅是线粒体适应.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 众所周知,血流限制 (BFR) 训练可以提高运动表现和肌肉适应.
- 然而,BFR在动态运动期间影响神经肌肉疲劳和血管功能的具体机制需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究6周BFR间歇训练在动态膝盖伸缩运动期间对表现,神经肌肉疲劳和血管功能的影响.
- 确定血管适应和代谢反射反应在调解BFR诱导的改善中的作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了主体内单边设计,其中一条腿接受了BFR训练,反侧腿作为控制.
- 评估包括峰值功率输出,神经肌肉疲劳 (MVC,QT),血管反应 (RH,PLM,ROV) 和代谢反射激活 (MAP,HR).
- 线粒体呼吸能力通过肌肉氧耗恢复动力学 (mVO2) 间接估计.
主要成果:
- 与控制腿相比,BFR训练导致峰值功率输出 (Wmax) 的改进显著增加 (~17%以上).
- 神经肌肉疲劳,由MVC和QT力量的减少表明,在经过BFR训练的腿部显著减弱.
- 在BFR腿部反应性高血压和快速发作的血管扩张期间观察到增强的股骨血流,这表明血管功能得到改善.
结论:
- 与标准间隔训练相比,BFR间隔训练引起了优异的性能增长,并减少了运动引起的神经肌肉疲劳.
- 这些好处似乎主要由外围神经肌肉和血管适应驱动,从而改善肌肉平衡.
- 观察到的性能和抗疲劳能力的改善是独立于线粒体呼吸能力的显著变化发生的,根据mVO2动力学评估.
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