在玛丽亚纳海沟沉积物中,有大量的化有机化合物储存和活跃的微生物脱
Rulong Liu1, Hui Wei1, Zhiao Xu1
1College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
The ISME journal
|December 10, 2025
概括
哈达尔的沟中含有大量的有机化物储库. 沟微生物拥有多种用于有机化物生物降解的基因,积极降解这些化合物,并促进深海碳循环.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
背景情况:
- 哈达尔海沟是深海环境,充当海洋颗粒的沉水池和物质交换管道.
- 沟沉积物富含有机碳,并表现出活跃的微生物循环,表明碳降解和独特的微生物过程的热点.
- 关于沟沉积物中的有机碳成分和微生物代谢的知识仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 在马里亚纳海沟沉积物中全面量化总化有机化合物 (有机化物).
- 在沟环境中研究微生物基因和有机化物生物降解的代谢能力.
- 为了确认在高压条件下,有机化物被沟微生物活性降解.
主要方法:
- 在马里亚纳海沟沉积物中大量有机素度的量化.
- 全球海洋数据的元基因组学分析,以确定有机化物生物降解的基因.
- 高压微观宇宙实验,以评估有机化物降解和基因转录.
主要成果:
- 玛丽亚纳海沟的沉积物有机素度比以前报告的单个有机化物高出数量级.
- 与其他海洋环境相比,沟微生物组显示脱基因的显著丰富.
- 沟沉积物中的微生物群落表现出广泛的遗传分布和多功能基质特异性,用于代谢各种有机化物化合物.
- 高压实验证实了沟微生物的有机化物快速降解和相关基因的活跃转录.
结论:
- 哈达尔沟沉积物是有机化物的重要储库.
- 器官化物代谢在口腔沟内的有机碳重矿化中起着至关重要的作用.
- 这些发现提高了对深海碳循环和微生物适应极端环境的理解.
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