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灵感来自昆虫的微光天线可以实现超敏感的多感官感知

Xitao Tu¹, Chen Qian², Tao Feng²

¹State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Science advances

|December 10, 2025

概括

研究人员开发了一种生物启发的微光天线 (MOA),它模仿昆虫天线进行超敏感的触觉,听觉和嗅觉感应. 这项技术使小型机器人能够实现先进的机器人感知和自主操作.

科学领域:

机器人和生物启发的工程机器人学.
材料科学和纳米技术材料科学和纳米技术
传感器技术传感器技术

背景情况:

昆虫的天线具有高度优化的超敏感的触觉,听觉和嗅觉感官.
为机器人集成开发具有多感官感知能力的微型人工天线具有挑战性.
当前的人工传感系统往往缺乏生物天线的灵敏度,小型化和多模式能力.

研究的目的:

设计和制造一个生物灵感的微光天线 (MOA),复制昆虫天线的架构和功能.
使用微型设备实现超敏感,快速响应和低功耗的多感官感知 (触觉,听觉,嗅觉).
展示MOA与机器人系统的集成,以提高感知和自主操作.

主要方法:

利用在功能化聚合物薄膜中封装的光学微/纳米纤维 (MNF) 来创建MOA.
利用外界刺激调节的MNF引导光的辐射或吸收来进行传感.
开发一种轻量级的MOA模块 (约0.1克),用于无地安装在空中和地面机器人上.

主要成果:

MOA展示了超敏感,快速响应和低功率的触觉,听觉和嗅觉感知能力.
该设备成功地模仿了微观尺度上的生物天线的传感性能.
当MOA模块集成到翼机器人和类似昆虫的地面机器人中时,它可以实现多感官感知和自主导航.

结论:

开发的MOA为先进的机器人传感提供了一个有希望的生物灵感解决方案.
这项技术为微型,多功能传感系统铺平了道路,适用于各种技术领域.
MOA与机器人的集成凸显了它在实现复杂的自主操作方面的潜力.

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