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解码微塑料微接口:一个复杂的基因转移和废水中的病原威胁网络

Hongyu Tian¹, Jianwei Liu², Yuxiu Zhang³

¹School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China.

Environment international

|December 10, 2025

概括

污水处理中的微塑料微界面容纳了微生物和病原体,加速了抗生素耐药性和毒性基因的传播. 这项研究揭示了它们的分布和转移,突出了健康风险的增加.

科学领域:

环境微生物学环境微生物学
废水处理技术废水处理技术
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

市政废水处理系统 (MWTS) 中的微塑料微界面 (MPMI) 为微生物群落 (MGs) 和潜在病原体 (PPH) 创造了独特的利基.
这些MPMI可以促进抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 和毒性因子基因 (VFG) 的水平基因转移 (HGT).
在MPMI中,PPH,ARG和VFG的分布和转移动态在很大程度上仍然没有特征.

研究的目的:

调查MG,PPH,ARG和VFG在MWTS内的不同微塑料类型 (PET,PE,PP) 的分布模式.
阐明MPMI内部由移动遗传元件 (MGE) 和PPH介导的基因传输事件,特别是ARG和VFG的HGT.
评估MPMI中ARG和VFG转移引起的相关公共卫生风险.

主要方法:

利用元基因组学分析了三种代表性的MPMI (PET-MPMI,PE-MPMI,PP-MPMI) 在MWTS的横向梯度上.
量化和分析了MG,PPH,ARG,VFG和MGE的同时发生和连接.
采用网络分析来确定ARG宿主和基因相互作用的中心性和多样性指标.

主要成果:

在横向梯度和水平接口上观察到MG,PPH,ARG,VFG和MGE的显著变化.
MPMI表现出增强的微生物和病原体连接性和稳健性,特定的ARG宿主显示出更大的多样性.
在MPMI中发现了MGs,ARGs和VFGs的复杂和持续的共存,增加了病原性风险,并通过MGEs和PPH加速了ARG HGT.

结论:

微生物群落和病原体的热点是MPMI,促进ARG和VFG的HGT.
由于MPMI的结构促进了基因的同时发生和转移,由于ARG和VFG转移,这给公众健康带来了重大风险.
开发了一个概念框架,以了解MPMI中的基因动态和健康影响.

关键词:

抗生素耐药性基因是抗生素耐药性的基因.基因共发生和转移框架横向基因转移是指水平基因转移.微塑料微界面微接口市政废水处理系统的城市废水处理系统.潜在的病原体潜在的病原体

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