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饮食障碍中的渴望:通过系统审查绘制概念

A Cornil¹, C Lakritz², S Iceta²

¹Adaptation, Resilience and Change (ARCh), Faculty of Psychology, Speech and language therapy and Education (FPLSE), ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium; Nantes Université, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL UR 4638), Nantes F-44000, France; Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

|December 10, 2025

概括

渴望是饮食障碍 (ED) 的核心,但缺乏一致的定义和测量. 研究必须扩展到与食物相关的问题之外,以改善对神经过敏症和过度饮食障碍等疾病的理解和干预.

科学领域:

精神病学是一个精神病学.
临床心理学临床心理学
神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

渴望是成障碍的关键特征,在饮食障碍 (ED) 中越来越多地被认可.
目前对渴望在ED病理中的作用的理解是分散的,缺乏一致的概念化和测量.
本系统性审查综合了关于ED中渴望的现有知识.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和绘制有关饮食障碍中渴望现有知识的地图.
识别ED中渴望的概念化,测量和理论模型中的不一致性.
为了突出研究和干预策略的差距,对ED的渴望.

主要方法:

在2025年7月在Embase,PsycInfo和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索.
纳入标准:对临床诊断ED的成年人进行同行评审的研究.
分析包括了50项研究和15项评论.

主要成果:

大多数研究集中在神经过食症 (BN) 和过度饮食障碍 (BED),对神经厌食症 (AN) 或非食物渴望的数据有限.
对渴望的定义是不一致的,经常将欲望与失去控制或行为混为一谈.
评估主要使用视觉模拟秤 (VAS) 和食物欲望问卷 (FCQ),其他方法的使用有限. 干预措施显示出不同的结果.
渴望始终与暴饮暴食相关,特征渴望是比状态渴望更强的预测因素.

结论:

渴望是饮食障碍的一个中心因素,但在概念上是模两可的.
优先事项包括建立共识定义和开发理论驱动的跨诊断评估工具.
未来的研究应该扩大关注范围,超越食物和过度饮食相关的ED,以改善理解和干预措施.

关键词:

神经性厌食症是一种神经性厌食症.评估评估的方法过度饮食障碍是一种过度饮食障碍.神经性买食症 (bulimia nervosa) 是一种神经性饮食.渴望的渴望渴望的渴望饮食障碍饮食障碍饮食障碍干预干预干预

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