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变形翅膀病毒影响蜜蜂工作者的食成功和食专业化

Helena Mendes Ferreira¹, Kristof Benaets², Lina De Smet³

¹Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. helena.mendesferreira@kuleuven.be.

Scientific reports

|December 10, 2025

概括

变形翅膀病毒 (DWV) 显著影响蜜蜂的食,导致早期食,寿命缩短和蜜汁产量降低. 受感染的蜜蜂转向花粉,可能会危及蜂群的营养和生存.

科学领域:

蜜蜂养殖和授粉者健康
昆虫病理学昆虫病理学
行为生态学行为生态学

背景情况:

变形翼病毒 (DWV) 是蜜蜂殖民地丧失的主要原因.
对于DWV对成年蜜蜂寻行为所产生的致命效应尚不清楚.
以前的研究表明,DWV会损害蜜蜂的糖分反应能力和学习能力.

研究的目的:

调查DWV感染对蜜蜂工作者食成功和专业化的影响.
确定DWV如何影响成年蜜蜂的食活动,蜜汁收集和花粉收集.

主要方法:

一个受控的实验,涉及1000个新出现的工蜂.
用DWV溶解物对蜜蜂的注射与RNA干扰对照.
监测和记录食活动,成功和专业化.

主要成果:

受DWV感染的蜜蜂表现出早发性食和更高的死亡率,缩短了食者的寿命.
受感染的蜜蜂不太成功地带着含糖量较低的花蜜回来.
受DWV感染的蜜蜂表现出增加的花粉食专业化,尽管花粉负载重量相似.

结论:

蜂蜜病毒显著破坏蜜蜂的食生态,加速成熟,缩短寿命,损害蜜蜂的收集.
改变对花粉的食偏好可能是一种补偿反应,但可能会损害殖民地的营养.
蜜蜂蜂群的丧失,并强调了在授粉者保护工作中需要对蜜蜂蜂群进行管理.

关键词:

蜜蜂健康蜜蜂的健康变形翅膀病毒 (DWV) 是一种病毒.食行为食行为蜜蜂蜂蜜蜜蜂蜂蜜授粉者数量减少授粉者数量减少

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Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.