初级保健记录和慢性失眠的流行率:它们是否匹配?
Jesús Pujol Salud1,2,3, Cristina García-Serrano1,2,4, Manuel de Entrambasaguas5
1Balaguer Primary Health Care Center, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
概括
慢性失眠障碍在初级保健中诊断不足,影响13.6%的成年人,而编码诊断的仅为5.1%. 这突显了在识别和管理失眠方面的重大差距,特别是在年轻人群中.
科学领域:
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床流行病学临床流行病学
背景情况:
- 慢性失眠是一种广泛存在的疾病,具有重大健康后果.
- 它在临床实践中的患病率往往被低估.
- 这项研究解决了基于人口的失眠估计和初级保健诊断之间的差距.
研究的目的:
- 将基于人口的慢性失眠患病率与加泰罗尼亚的初级保健诊断进行比较.
- 评估医疗保健服务对失眠的诊断可靠性.
- 为了识别不同年龄组在失眠识别方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用两个数据源进行比较的横截面分析:EPINSOM调查 (ICSD-3标准) 和SIDIAP电子健康记录 (ICD-10代码).
- 在数据集之间比较了失眠症状,综合征和障碍的患病率.
- 统计分析包括对比例的z测试和对置信区间的威尔逊方法.
主要成果:
- 在加泰罗尼亚,慢性失眠障碍的人口患病率为13.6%,明显高于在初级保健中记录的5.1%.
- 在一般人群中,失眠症状的患病率达到41.39%,这表明存在严重的不足.
- 患病率估计在55岁及以上的成年人中更加一致 (18.2%与18.5%对比).
结论:
- 初级保健诊断显著低估了慢性失眠的真正患病率,特别是在年轻人中.
- 在初级保健机构中,改善对失眠的识别和管理策略至关重要.
- 这些发现强调了需要解决诊断不足的问题,特别是在年轻人群中.
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