早期营养是否会导致未来肠道微生物群的变化和不同的健康结果?
Raffaella de Franchis1, Luigi Bozza1, Paolo Cortese1
1Italian Federation of Maedical Paediatrics (FIMP), 80142 Naples, Italy.
Nutrients
|December 11, 2025
概括
早期地中海饮食 (MD) 断奶对肠道微生物群和饮食习惯长期有好处. 这些早期干预措施可以通过微生物组调节提供对慢性炎症疾病 (CID) 的持久保护.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 预防慢性疾病 预防慢性疾病
背景情况:
- 慢性炎症疾病 (CID) 的临床前阶段受到遗传学和环境的影响,包括早期营养.
- 生命早期的饮食习惯塑造了肠道微生物群和长期健康.
- 以前的研究表明,地中海饮食 (MD) 断奶改善了3岁后的饮食和微生物群.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估早期地中海饮食 (MD) 的持续益处,在9岁时断奶.
- 评估早期营养干预对儿童健康轨迹的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 从随机队列中对191名儿童进行长期随访 (MD与对照).
- 主要终点:遵守MD (KidMed得分). 二级终点:BMI,CID发病率,母亲的坚持,肠道微生物群的组成.
- 在36名儿童的子组中进行微生物群分析.
主要成果:
- 在9年内,整体MD坚持或BMI没有显著差异.
- 药物治疗组每天的蔬菜摄入量较高,肠道微生物群α多样性的持续差异较大.
- 在MD组中,亚托皮性皮炎,过敏性鼻炎,自闭症谱系障碍和ADHD的患病率趋于较低.
结论:
- 在断奶期间早期引入地中海饮食 (MD) 对饮食模式和肠道微生物群有持久的影响.
- 这些早期干预措施可能会为预防慢性疾病带来持久的微生物组介导的益处.
- 这些发现突显了早期营养对预防策略的潜力,需要进行更大的研究.
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