在VHF频段中检测通信通道,以加强海上监视
André Lopes1, Luís Fernandes1, Paulo Chaves1
1INOV-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Inovação, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
概括
为非常高频 (VHF) 频段开发了一种新的实时通信通道检测系统. 支持矢量机 (SVM) 模型为准确和可用的VHF信号检测提供了最佳性能.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 信号处理 信号处理
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 通信通道的实时检测对于高效的频谱利用至关重要.
- 软件定义无线电 (SDR) 为开发先进的信号处理系统提供了一个灵活的平台.
- 现有的检测方法可能在准确性,范围或计算效率方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估非常高频 (VHF) 频段的实时通信通道检测系统.
- 为了比较能量检测 (ED),K-最近邻居 (KNN) 和支持矢量机 (SVM) 算法的性能,用于VHF频道检测.
- 为了确定实时VHF通信通道检测最有效的算法.
主要方法:
- 设计了一种基于FFT的光谱分析仪 (32,768点) 用于表征3MHz带宽.
- 开发并比较了三个检测算法:能量检测 (ED),K-近邻 (KNN) 和支持向量机 (SVM).
- 在不同距离处评估检测概率 (Pd) 和假阳性率.
主要成果:
- 能量检测 (ED) 的计算成本低,但检测范围有限 (超过500米的零).
- K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) 在较长距离 (23% Pd在700 m) 上表现更好,但不适合实时使用.
- 支持矢量机 (SVM) 模型在1000米处实现了80%Pd,错误阳性率低 (~1%).
结论:
- 由于其精度和可用性的平衡,SVM模型是最适合实时VHF频段通信通道检测的.
- 开发的系统显示了使用更高功率的海洋无线电 (25W) 覆盖范围超过2公里的潜力.
- 这项研究有助于加强VHF频段的频谱监测和管理.
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