纯种车马的步伐参数和赛道曲率之间的关联
Matthijs van den Broek1,2, Zoe Y S Chan1, Charlotte De Bruyne1
1Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
赛道的曲率显著影响了车马的步伐. 增加的曲率导致更高的速度,步伐频率和减少的步伐长度,可能会增加肌肉骨损伤的风险.
科学领域:
- 马类生物力学 马类生物力学
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 赛马的肌肉骨损伤风险与步伐长度和速度的减少有关.
- 众所周知,赛道曲率会影响马匹的最大速度.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究赛道曲率对纯种车马的步伐参数 (步伐长度和频率) 的影响.
- 为了确定曲率是否影响与受伤风险相关的步伐参数.
主要方法:
- 28匹马在训练期间使用了全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 的记录器.
- 分析了100米段的速度,步伐长度 (SL) 和步伐频率 (SF).
- 线性混合模型评估了曲率和速度对步伐参数的影响.
主要成果:
- 赛道曲率显著增加了速度 (p=0.004),降低了SL (p<0.001),并增加了SF (p<0.001).
- 曲率对SL和SF的影响取决于速度 (p<0.001).
- 在60°/100m曲率和中位速度 (14.5 m/s) 时,SL比直线截面减少了2.1%,SF增加了2.4%.
结论:
- 速度和赛道曲率之间的相互作用会影响车马的步伐参数.
- 这些步伐参数变化与与赛马肌肉骨损伤风险增加相关的变化相当.
- 研究结果强调了赛道设计对马匹运动表现和受伤潜力的生物力学影响.
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