塑料污染和儿童健康:对微型和纳米塑料,添加剂和发育风险的叙述性审查
Nicola Principi1, Alberto Argentiero2, Beatrice Rita Campana2
1Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|December 11, 2025
概括
人类接触微塑料 (MP),纳米塑料 (NP) 和塑料添加剂可能会损害生育能力和儿童发育. 需要采取预防措施,减少塑料的使用,保护弱势群体,特别是儿童.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 增加的塑料生产导致人类广泛接触微塑料 (MP),纳米塑料 (NP) 和诸如双和酸盐等添加剂.
- 这些污染物与包括氧化应激,炎症和基因毒性在内的有毒影响有关,可能会影响生育能力.
- 儿童由于发育阶段和与体重相比较高的暴露,特别容易受到伤害.
研究的目的:
- 审查与塑料相关的污染物对人类健康的不良健康影响,重点关注儿童.
- 突出了解塑料毒性的全部范围,包括剂量反应和长期后果的知识差距.
- 倡导采取预防措施和政策干预,以减轻与塑料相关的风险.
主要方法:
- 对塑料暴露和健康结果的实验和流行病学研究的审查.
- 识别从子宫内到儿童时期的暴露途径.
- 综合关于生物机制和报告的健康影响的证据.
主要成果:
- 在胎儿组织中和出生后通过各种途径发现MP,NP和添加剂,影响胎儿发育.
- 副作用包括生育能力受损,青春期发育改变,神经发育问题,呼吸系统疾病和代谢障碍.
- 关于特定聚合物的毒性,剂量反应关系和长期影响,仍然存在重大知识差距.
结论:
- 与塑料相关的暴露对人类健康构成潜在风险,特别是对儿童的发育.
- 迫切需要采取预防措施,包括减少塑料使用,加强法规和提高公众意识.
- 进一步的研究对于定义风险,指导更安全的替代方案,并为保护政策提供信息至关重要.
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