患者血液管理中的人工智能:对预测,诊断和决策支持应用程序的系统审查
Henrique Coelho1,2,3, Fernando Silva3,4, Marta Correia1
1CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
Journal of clinical medicine
|December 11, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 通过改进贫血检测和输血预测来推进患者血液管理 (PBM). 然而,临床翻译需要在PBM实践中更好地验证和整合AI.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 患者血液管理 (PBM) 优化了贫血治疗,减少了血液损失,并确保了适当的输血.
- 人工智能 (AI) 在PBM中提供了预测,诊断和决策支持的潜力.
- 人工智能应用在PBM中的证据正在出现,需要巩固.
研究的目的:
- 审查PBM中的AI应用,涵盖预测,诊断和决策支持模型.
- 确定用于PBM的AI的方法趋势.
- 讨论阻碍AI在PBM中的临床转化所面临的挑战.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science的系统文献搜索,截至2025年3月31日.
- 包括对PBM支柱,输血安全和血液银行操作的AI模型的研究.
- 关于研究特征,模型,验证和性能的提取数据的叙述综合.
主要成果:
- 分析了338项研究,包括贫血检测,出血风险,输血预测,安全和库存管理.
- 深度学习在基于图像的贫血检测方面表现出色;合并和增强方法导致风险预测.
- 人工智能模型通常表现优于传统方法,但外部验证和临床部署是有限的.
结论:
- 人工智能通过更早检测贫血,精确预测风险和优化资源管理来增强PBM.
- 临床翻译需要标准化的报告,强大的验证,可解释性和工作流集成.
- 未来的研究应该侧重于多式模式学习,前性研究和成本效益分析.
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