镜子里面:探索体育活动对青少年身体形象和焦虑的影响
Kanupriya Rawat1, Aleksandra Błachnio1, Hanna Liberska1,2
1Department of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Journal of clinical medicine
|December 11, 2025
概括
定期参加体育运动可以提高自尊和对身体的欣赏,减少年轻人的焦虑. 身体活动起到缓冲作用,防止与BMI相关的负面身体形象影响.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 心理健康 心理健康
背景情况:
- 身体形象,身体自我概念和焦虑是青少年心理健康的相互关联方面.
- 社交媒体和以外表为中心的文化增加了自我评估的压力,需要对身体活动的作用进行研究.
- 了解身体活动对焦虑的保护性或有害影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查年轻成年人对身体的欣赏,身体自我概念,自尊和焦虑之间的关系.
- 调查身体活动对BMI和心理健康之间的关系的适度作用.
- 探索通过身体活动和自我感知影响焦虑的直接和间接途径.
主要方法:
- 该研究涉及246名年轻成年人 (18-35岁),包括运动员和非运动员.
- 使用了罗森伯格自尊度量,身体欣赏度量-2,状态特征焦虑清单和身体自我描述问卷-简短形式.
- 采用了曼-惠特尼U,克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯H,斯皮尔曼的相关性,调节分析 (PROCESS模型1) 和结构方程建模 (SEM).
主要成果:
- 运动员表现出更高的自尊,身体的欣赏,和身体的自我概念,与较低的特征焦虑,但比非运动员更高的状态焦虑.
- 较高的BMI与较低的自尊,身体欣赏和较差的自我认知有关.
- 身体活动缓和了BMI对自尊和身体欣赏的负面影响,特别是在运动员中.
结论:
- 定期参加体育运动可以增强心理性,自尊和对身体的欣赏,同时减轻焦虑.
- 尽管有积极的影响,但复杂的身心动态意味着高度的身体欣赏并不排除评估环境中的短暂焦虑.
- 促进功能性的身体形象,自我同情和积极的身体自我概念对于预防不适应性行为和培养青少年精神健康至关重要.
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