在精神病中,药物治疗和异常的大脑成熟与长期认知能力下降和症状进展相关
Claudio Alemán-Morillo1, Natalia García-San-Martín1, Richard A I Bethlehem2
1Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, https://ror.org/03yxnpp24Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain.
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
|December 11, 2025
概括
第一次情节精神病 (FEP) 显示出异常的皮层发育,但规范模型显示,随着时间的推移,治疗可能使大脑体积正常化. 长期服用药物可能会使FEP患者的认知障碍恶化.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
背景情况:
- 精神病的临床进展与来自异常大脑发育的灰质异常有关.
- 鉴定预测症状下降的神经解剖学特征是具有挑战性的,因为复杂的精神病理和成熟轨迹.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用规范建模,研究第一个情节精神病 (FEP) 的纵向皮层体积偏差.
- 探索这些偏差与长期认知/症状结果之间的关系.
- 描述这些偏差的细胞架构和神经生物学基础.
主要方法:
- 收集了10年来来自195个对照组和357名FEP个体的MRI,认知和症状数据.
- 使用规范建模来获得皮层体积的特定学科百分点数.
- 使用细胞架构和神经生物学的地图表来表征百分点关联地图.
主要成果:
- 在基线时,FEP显示出广泛的皮质体积减少,随着治疗趋于正常的轨迹.
- 这种正常化效应在高度服药的人群中减弱.
- 认知障碍随着长期药物治疗而恶化;积极的症状与区域百分点负相关.
- 区域百分比与血清素和多巴胺受体密度相关.
结论:
- 基于Centile的规范建模有助于理解神经发育条件下的非典型皮质发育.
- 这种方法可以阐明大脑发育与精神病的长期临床进展之间的联系.
更多相关视频
07:02A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
Published on: February 11, 2019
10.2K
07:30Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
Published on: August 18, 2020
7.4K
相关概念视频
01:28Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview
776
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
776
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
441
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
441
01:28Drug Therapy
232
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
232
01:21Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects
708
Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
708
01:24Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview
526
Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
526
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
512
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
512