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加强对煤炭使用的控制,考虑到全球流量:从输入到废物

Xiaoming Gu¹, Gehui Zhang¹, Qingru Wu^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Environmental science & technology

|December 11, 2025

概括

煤炭使用是造成污染的主要来源. 这项研究追踪了整个煤炭行业的流量,揭示了全球减排和废物管理的关键控制重点.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
工业生态学工业生态学
水银污染污染污染

背景情况:

煤炭燃烧是全球排放的主要人为来源.
现有的特定部门的控制可能会通过废物处理途径导致排放泄漏.
缺乏对整个煤炭生命周期中的流的全面了解.

研究的目的:

追踪整个煤炭使用工业链中的流量,从生产到废物处理.
为煤炭衍生排放提供全面的,全系统的视角.
确定控制排放和废物管理的具体国家优先事项.

主要方法:

分析整个煤炭工业链的流量,包括生产,贸易,利用和废物处理.
量化到大气中的排放,保留在库存中,稳定,并排放到水或土壤.
确定排放泄漏点和跨部门转移.

主要成果:

2017年,全球煤炭使用释放了1362的,其中705排放到大气中.
大量的被保留在库存中 (316) 和稳定 (275),其余部分被排放到水/土壤中.
废物处理对大气再排放有很大的贡献 (221).

结论:

具体的国家战略对于有效的排放控制至关重要,解决独特的挑战,如废物储存 (美国) 和二次废物 (中国).
东南亚和非洲国家需要先进的排放控制技术,而日本等主要进口国应该监管进口煤炭中的含量.
为了支持"米纳马塔公约"和减少污染,需要采用整体的,全过程的煤炭使用方法.

关键词:

使用煤炭使用煤炭.全球的流量.控制排放的控制方法贸易贸易贸易贸易贸易.废物处理处置的废物处理方式

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