胎儿发育和空气污染暴露组:健康途径的整合性视角
Eric Alonso Abarca-Castro1, José Javier Reyes-Lagos2, Kioko Guzmán Ramos1
1Biological and Health Sciences Division, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Lerma (UAM-L), Lerma, Mexico.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
|December 11, 2025
概括
在怀孕和幼儿时期暴露于空气污染会影响胎儿发育和以后的心理健康. 社会劣势加剧了这些风险,突出了清洁空气倡议和有针对性的保护的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 空气污染暴露对胎儿发育和儿童心理健康产生重大影响.
- 孕妇和幼儿暴露在PM2.5,NO2,O3和VOC等污染物中是不成比例的.
- 在关键的前1000天,社会劣势会放大环境风险.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于空气污染暴露如何影响胎儿发育和心理健康的综合性视角.
- 探索将污染暴露与神经发育结果联系起来的生物途径.
- 提出研究议程和多部门行动,以减轻与污染相关的风险.
主要方法:
- 检查胎盘作为污染信号的传感器,影响生长和神经内分泌编程.
- 利用胎儿心率变化 (fHRV) 作为神经发育完整性的生物标志物.
- 通过胎儿核磁共振 (MRI) 调查母亲的免疫激活,氧化压力和破坏形态发生.
- 考虑诸如表观遗传学,基因环境相互作用和微生物组转变等发育编程机制.
主要成果:
- 污染暴露可能导致儿童的结构和功能性大脑变化.
- 观察到的儿童现象类型包括注意力缺陷,执行控制问题和影响调节问题.
- 先进的胎儿成像和生物标志物在子宫内提供了污染引起的变化的可追溯性.
结论:
- 在生命早期暴露于空气污染会造成对不良心理健康和行为结果的持久敏感性.
- 提出了一个基于暴露的研究议程,将暴露评估与生物标志物和神经成像相结合.
- 多部门行动和以生物标志物为指导的预防对于保护发育中的大脑至关重要.
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