GPTAnno:基于GPT模型的单细胞数据的本体论树引导的层次细胞类型注释
Yiran Song1, Muyao Tang1, Qi Liu2
1Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 11, 2025
概括
使用GPT模型和本体学指导,GPTAnno自动化了单细胞转录组的细胞类型注释. 这种方法提高了准确性和可重复性,减少了数据解释的手工工作.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 单细胞转录组数据分析需要准确的细胞类型注释,这往往受阻于确定最佳集群分辨率和在研究中保持一致的标签的挑战.
- 现有的方法与细胞聚类颗粒度的固有模糊性和缺乏标准化的注释协议作斗争,影响数据的解释性和可重现性.
研究的目的:
- 引入GPTAnno,一个自动化的,本体论树导向的,并意识到不确定性的层次细胞类型注释方法,利用GPT模型.
- 提供标准化,本体意识和可重复的注释解决方案,自动选择最佳集群分辨率并量化注释不确定性.
主要方法:
- GPTAnno直接处理基因表达矩阵,集成多分辨率聚类与由细胞本体学指导的大型语言模型推理.
- 该方法结合了基于在本体树内的注释距离的最佳集群分辨率的自动选择.
- 注释不确定性被量化,以确定需要专家审查的模两可的集群.
主要成果:
- 在12个大规模数据集的基准测试中,GPTAnno在细胞类型注释方面的精度高于现有方法.
- GPTAnno在各种物种,组织和疾病环境中显示出有效性.
- 该方法成功地产生了标准化,本体意识和可复制的注释,减少了人类的努力.
结论:
- 在单细胞转录学中,GPTAnno为细胞类型注释提供了强大的,自动化的解决方案,解决了聚类和标签方面的关键挑战.
- 该方法能够将大型语言模型与细胞本体学和不确定性量化集成,从而提高注释的准确性和可解释性.
- GPTAnno简化了注释过程,提高了可复制性,并大大减少了研究人员的手工工作量.
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