破坏tRNA修饰导致肠道线粒体功能障碍和微生物失调
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 11, 2025
概括
该研究显示,减少的Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase催化子单元1 (QTRT1) 损害了肠道屏障功能和线粒体健康,影响了肠道微生物群. 恢复线粒体功能可能会提高QTRT1水平以获得治疗效益.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 转移RNA (tRNA) 修改对于翻译忠实性和效率至关重要,由特定的酶调节.
- 队列tRNA-ribosyltransferase催化子单元1 (QTRT1) 和QTRT2形成了一个涉及tRNA队列素 (tRNA-Q) 修改的复合体.
- 以前的研究将tRNA模式病变和改变的队列代谢物与炎症性肠道疾病 (IBD) 联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 研究tRNA-Q修饰在维持肠道线粒体平衡和微生物组平衡中的作用.
- 探索QTRT1在IBD抗炎策略中的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 对人类IBD数据集和QTRT1淘汰赛 (KO) 鼠标模型的分析.
- 使用了QTRT1肠上皮条件KO (QTRT1 ΔIEC) 的小鼠,具有QTRT1siRNA的细胞系,以及患者衍生器官.
- 检查了粘膜屏障完整性,线粒体功能,微生物组合和炎症标志物.
主要成果:
- 在人类IBD患者和QTRT1KO小鼠中观察到降低的QTRT1表达,与改变的肠道微生物群相关 (例如,减少Bacteroides).
- QTRT1缺乏导致粘膜屏障损伤,受损的紧密结节和显著的线粒体功能障碍 (ATP合成降低,mtDNA泄漏).
- 在QTRT1缺乏模型中的线粒体功能障碍引发了细胞死亡和免疫激活,反映在IBD患者的器官体内.
结论:
- QTRT1及其tRNA-Q修饰对于维持肠道和微生物平衡至关重要.
- 失去QTRT1会破坏线粒体的完整性和粘膜屏障功能,从而导致IBD的发病.
- 向tRNA-Q修饰以增强线粒体功能,为肠道健康提供了一种新的治疗方法.
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