非原生植物改变了人类修改的热带景观中的鸟类植物果实网络结构
Adam Fell1, Carolina Bello2, A Bradley Duthie1
1Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK.
Ecology and evolution
|December 11, 2025
概括
非本地植物破坏热带种子散布网络,增加连接性,但降低稳定性,导致更多的鸟类灭绝. 管理这些入侵植物对于生态系统的弹性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 岛屿生物地理 岛屿生物地理
背景情况:
- 果实类的相互作用是种子分散和生态系统弹性至关重要的植物动物互惠关系.
- 人类引入非本土植物显著改变了这些自然相互作用网络.
- 非本地植物对果网络结构和稳定性的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查非本地植物如何影响人类修改的热带景观中的果网络的结构和强度.
- 量化非本土植物对果鸟类饮食的贡献.
- 评估非本地植物整合对网络稳定性和二次灭绝的影响.
主要方法:
- 在巴拿马甘博亚的21种果鸟类的便样本上使用DNA元编码.
- 识别了消费的植物物种,并量化了鸟类饮食中非本土植物的比例.
- 在不同的场景下进行灭绝模拟,以评估网络稳定性.
主要成果:
- 非本地植物显著改变了网络结构,减少了嵌套性,同时增加了连接性和模块性.
- 尽管占植物物种的28%,但非本土物种不成比例地导致了鸟类的二次灭绝.
- 一些非本地物种作为关键连接器,连接网络模块,但在鸟类移除期间持久性较低.
结论:
- 非本地植物重塑果实网络,通过增加连接性和破坏稳定性构成双重威胁.
- 高度联系的非本地物种可能会促进入侵,并损害生态系统的完整性.
- 管理策略应侧重于监测和控制人为改造生态系统中具有影响力的非原生植物.
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